Răspuns :
1. Vs=1.5 L NaOH
Cm=2.8 mol/L
ro=1.11g/mL
MNaOH=40g/mol
ro=ms/Vs==>ms=ro*Vs=1.11*1500=1665g sol. NaOH
Cm=md/M*Vs==>md=Cm*Vs*M=1.5*40*2.8=168g NaOH
ms=md+mH2O==>mH2O=ms-md=1665-168=1497g H2O
2. Vs=400mL
Cm=2.6 moli/L
ro=1.158g/mL
MH2SO4=98g/mol
Cm=md/M*Vs==>md=Cm*m*Vs=2.6*98*0.4=101.92g H2SO4
a) n=md/M=101.92/98=1.04 moli H2SO4
sau Cm=n/Vs==>n=Cm*Vs=2.6*0.4=1.04 moli H2SO4
b) ro=ms/Vs==>ms=ro*Vs=1.158*400=463.2g sol. H2SO4
ms=md+mH2O==>mH2O=ms-md=463.2-101.92=361.28g
n=m/M=361.28/18=20.071 moli H2O MH2O=18g/mol
nH2SO4/nH2O=1.04/20.071
c) Cp=md/ms*100=10192/463.2=22%
d) Jumatatea concentratiei este 22/2=11%
11=101.92/101.92+mH2O*100==>11(101.92+mH2O)=10192==>1121.12+11mH2O=10192==>11mH2O=10192-1121.12==>11mH2O=9070.88==>mH2O=9070.88/11=>mH2O=824.625g
d. ro1=ms1/Vs==>ms1=ro1*Vs=1.848*400=739.2g sol. H2SO4
ro2=ms2/Vs==>ms2=ro2*Vs=1.224*400=489.6g sol. H2SO4
msf=ms1-ms2=739.2-489.6=249.6g sol. H2SO4
3. Cp1=md1/ms1*100==>md1=Cp1*ms1/100=10*4000/100=400g sol. KOH
Cp2=md2/ms2*100==>md2=Cp2*ms2/100=15*2000/100=300g sol. KOH
mdf=400+300=700g KOH
msf=4000+2000=6000g KOH
a) Cpf=mdf/msf*100=700/6000*100=11.66%
b) Vs1=200mL
Cm1=0.5 moli/L
Vs2=600mL
Cm2=1.5 moli/L
Cm1=n1/Vs1==>n1=Cm1*Vs1=0.5*0.2=0.1 moli H2SO4
Cm2=n2/Vs2==>n2=1.5*0.6=0.9 moli H2SO4
nt=0.1+0.9=1 mol H2SO4
Vsf=200+600=800mL=0.8L H2SO4
Cmf=nt/Vsf=1/0.8=1.25 moli/L
c) ms1=300g sol. NaOH
Cp1=10%
ro1=1.11g/cm3
Vs2=200mL=0.2L NaOH
Cm= 2 moli/L
Cp1=md1/ms1*100==>md1=Cp1*ms1/100=10*300/100=30g sol. NaOH
n1=md1/M=30/40=0.75 moli NaOH MNaOH=40g/mol
Cm2=n2/Vs==>n2=Cm2*Vs2=2*0.2=0.4 moli NaOH
ro1=ms1/Vs==>Vs1=ms1/ro1=300/1.11=270.27 mL
Vsf=200+270.27=470.27mL=0.47027 L
nt=0.75+0.4=1.15 moli NaOH
Cmf=nt/Vsf=1.15/0.47027=2.4454 moli/L NaOH
d) ms1=20g sol. HNO3
Cp1=12%
ms2=12.6g
Cm2=3.55 moli/L
ro2=1.119g/mL
Cp1=md1/ms1*100==>md1=Cp1*ms1/100=12*20/100=2.4g HNO3
ro2=ms2/Vs==>Vs=ms2/ro2=12.6/1.119=11.26 mL HNO3 = 0.01126 L
Cm2=md2/M*Vs==>md2=Cm2*M*Vs=3.55*63*0.01126=2.518299g HNO3
MHNO3=63g/mol
mdf=md1+md2=2.4+2.518299=4.918299g HNO3
msf=ms1+ms2=20+12.6=32.6g sol. HNO3
Cpf=mdf/msf*100=4.918299/32.6*100=15.0868%
Cm=2.8 mol/L
ro=1.11g/mL
MNaOH=40g/mol
ro=ms/Vs==>ms=ro*Vs=1.11*1500=1665g sol. NaOH
Cm=md/M*Vs==>md=Cm*Vs*M=1.5*40*2.8=168g NaOH
ms=md+mH2O==>mH2O=ms-md=1665-168=1497g H2O
2. Vs=400mL
Cm=2.6 moli/L
ro=1.158g/mL
MH2SO4=98g/mol
Cm=md/M*Vs==>md=Cm*m*Vs=2.6*98*0.4=101.92g H2SO4
a) n=md/M=101.92/98=1.04 moli H2SO4
sau Cm=n/Vs==>n=Cm*Vs=2.6*0.4=1.04 moli H2SO4
b) ro=ms/Vs==>ms=ro*Vs=1.158*400=463.2g sol. H2SO4
ms=md+mH2O==>mH2O=ms-md=463.2-101.92=361.28g
n=m/M=361.28/18=20.071 moli H2O MH2O=18g/mol
nH2SO4/nH2O=1.04/20.071
c) Cp=md/ms*100=10192/463.2=22%
d) Jumatatea concentratiei este 22/2=11%
11=101.92/101.92+mH2O*100==>11(101.92+mH2O)=10192==>1121.12+11mH2O=10192==>11mH2O=10192-1121.12==>11mH2O=9070.88==>mH2O=9070.88/11=>mH2O=824.625g
d. ro1=ms1/Vs==>ms1=ro1*Vs=1.848*400=739.2g sol. H2SO4
ro2=ms2/Vs==>ms2=ro2*Vs=1.224*400=489.6g sol. H2SO4
msf=ms1-ms2=739.2-489.6=249.6g sol. H2SO4
3. Cp1=md1/ms1*100==>md1=Cp1*ms1/100=10*4000/100=400g sol. KOH
Cp2=md2/ms2*100==>md2=Cp2*ms2/100=15*2000/100=300g sol. KOH
mdf=400+300=700g KOH
msf=4000+2000=6000g KOH
a) Cpf=mdf/msf*100=700/6000*100=11.66%
b) Vs1=200mL
Cm1=0.5 moli/L
Vs2=600mL
Cm2=1.5 moli/L
Cm1=n1/Vs1==>n1=Cm1*Vs1=0.5*0.2=0.1 moli H2SO4
Cm2=n2/Vs2==>n2=1.5*0.6=0.9 moli H2SO4
nt=0.1+0.9=1 mol H2SO4
Vsf=200+600=800mL=0.8L H2SO4
Cmf=nt/Vsf=1/0.8=1.25 moli/L
c) ms1=300g sol. NaOH
Cp1=10%
ro1=1.11g/cm3
Vs2=200mL=0.2L NaOH
Cm= 2 moli/L
Cp1=md1/ms1*100==>md1=Cp1*ms1/100=10*300/100=30g sol. NaOH
n1=md1/M=30/40=0.75 moli NaOH MNaOH=40g/mol
Cm2=n2/Vs==>n2=Cm2*Vs2=2*0.2=0.4 moli NaOH
ro1=ms1/Vs==>Vs1=ms1/ro1=300/1.11=270.27 mL
Vsf=200+270.27=470.27mL=0.47027 L
nt=0.75+0.4=1.15 moli NaOH
Cmf=nt/Vsf=1.15/0.47027=2.4454 moli/L NaOH
d) ms1=20g sol. HNO3
Cp1=12%
ms2=12.6g
Cm2=3.55 moli/L
ro2=1.119g/mL
Cp1=md1/ms1*100==>md1=Cp1*ms1/100=12*20/100=2.4g HNO3
ro2=ms2/Vs==>Vs=ms2/ro2=12.6/1.119=11.26 mL HNO3 = 0.01126 L
Cm2=md2/M*Vs==>md2=Cm2*M*Vs=3.55*63*0.01126=2.518299g HNO3
MHNO3=63g/mol
mdf=md1+md2=2.4+2.518299=4.918299g HNO3
msf=ms1+ms2=20+12.6=32.6g sol. HNO3
Cpf=mdf/msf*100=4.918299/32.6*100=15.0868%
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